Chromium
Cr
24
51.996
1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1
Biological significance

➤ The biological activity of Chromium is explained by the ability to form complex compounds.

➤ Stabilizes the structure of DNA and RNA.

➤ Affects lipid metabolism.

➤ It is a part of the enzyme trypsin.

➤ Prevention of diabetes mellitus.

➤ Accelerates heart and liver anabolism, biosynthesis and lipid metabolism, as well as pancreatic peptide hormone production.

Excess in the body

➤ Relieves cephalgia, pharyngeal reflex, impaired perception of the environment and exhaustion of body systems, ataxia.


➤ Causes inflammation of the mucous membranes and allergic reactions such as bronchial dysfunction.


➤ Leads to dermatological disorders manifested by the formation of dermatitis and neurosthenia and increases the risk of carcinoma.

Deficiency in the body

➤ Causes hypoglycemia, mental instability, iritis, painful condition, sharp weight loss, carcinoma formation, CNS and general mental state disorders, decreased cholesterol in the circulatory system, and immunosuppression.

Drugs/dose

➤ Cr(C6H4NO2)3, (Chromium polyconate) - Cap. 0.34 mg

➤ Cobalt-chromium alloy is used in dental prosthetic practice

➤ Na chromate is used for injections with 51Cr, used to diagnose blood diseases and bleeding.

Conventional medicine

➤ It is used to prevent diabetes mellitus.

➤ Chromium has been experimentally linked to cardiovascular diseases.

➤ Increases blood pressure and causes hypercholesterolemia.

➤ Radioactive 51Cr is used to study nuclide metabolism.

Unconventional medicine

➤ Included in Mumijo (mountain wax), it has tonic and anti-inflammatory properties, provides increased protection and regeneration of body processes and is useful in the treatment of bronchial dysfunction and gastrointestinal disorders, chronic dermatological diseases, as well as in urolithiasis.

➤ It is used in the form of ointments, creams and aqueous eye injections.

Toxic effect/antidote

➤ Cr+6, K2Cr2O7 causes damage to the mucous membrane of the respiratory system.

➤ Necrosis develops.

➤ Dermatological diseases such as ulcers and eczema or dermatitis occur on the skin.

➤ The lethal dose of chromic acid K2Cr2O7 is 0.2-1 g



➤ There is no specific antidote.

Interesting facts

➤ One of the hardest metals.

➤ Cr has a melting point of 1875 °C.

➤ Boiling point 2199 °C.

➤ Resistant to acids and oxygen.

➤ At t = 37 °C, the electrical conductivity and thermoelectromotive force change dramatically.

➤ Stainless steel contains 18% Cr.

➤ Cr+6, K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 (end) is used for chrome plating surfaces and for washing chemical dishes

Chemist Louis Nicolas Vauclain
on how he discovered Chromium


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