Germanium
Ge
32
72.640
1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p2
Biological significance

➤Strengthens and improves the efficiency of the immune system.


➤ It is used to slow down the metabolism of certain malignant tumors (carcinoma, sarcoma).


➤ Reduces the threshold of pain sensation;


➤ It actively interacts with sulfide hydride (SH-) groups of proteins.

Excess in the body

➤ Leads to acute renal and hepatic failure.

Deficiency in the body

➤ Increases the likelihood of developing carcinomas and leads to osteoporosis.

Drugs/dose

-

Conventional medicine

➤ It is used in the treatment of dermatoses, gastrointestinal disorders, and leads to increased immune activity.


➤ Astringent, cauterizing and antiseptic effect.


➤ For prevention of Wilson's disease.

Unconventional medicine

➤ Ge is found in ginseng root, tea leaves, aloe, and garlic.

Toxic effect/antidote

➤ Causes changes in the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract (ulcers, diarrhea, gastritis).

➤ Leads to general weakness, cephalgia.

Interesting facts

➤ Ge is as brittle as glass. It has five allotropic states.


➤ It is used as a semiconductor for the manufacture of diodes and transistors.


➤Ge with a purity of 10-7% is used to detect infrared radiation.


➤ Organometallic compounds such as Ge(C2H5)4 are non-toxic.

Chemist Clemens Winkler
on how he discovered Germanium


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