➤ Interacts with proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).

➤ It is considered to be an active functional agent in biochemical parameters studies.

➤ There is a possibility of modification of molecular components of biological molecules.

➤ The main site of ruthenium accumulation is muscle tissue.

➤ Leads to cephalalgia, pharyngeal reflex, and gastrointestinal dysfunction.

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➤ ⁹⁷Ru

➤ ¹⁰⁶Ru

Dosage is individual.

➤ It is used in anticancer therapy for the treatment of dermatological diseases.

➤ It is a component of medicines for the treatment of rheumatic joint disorders (arthropathies).

➤ Characterized by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which are advisable to use in case of oxidative stress and inflamation.

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➤ RuO₄ exhibits toxic properties.

➤ Ruthenium causes irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory system.

➤ Causes cough, asphyxiation, pharyngitis.

➤ The occurrence of dermatological diseases (iritis, eczema, dermatosis) is accompanied by allergic reactions.

➤ There is no specific antidote.

➤ Ru can exist in 9 valence states.

➤ Ru is the first element to bind air nitrogen into a complex compound [Rh(NH ) N₃₅₂ ]Cl₂ .

➤ Ru sorbs 1500 volumes of hydrogen.

➤ Melting point - 2250^o C, boiling point - 4900 ^o C.

➤ Decontamination of radioactive Ru is a very complex process, Ru can form polymeric molecules -Ru-O-Ru-O-Ru-O-.

➤ Ru is an effective catalyst.

➤ Ruthenium red is used in anatomy and histology to stain tissues.