Silver
Ag
47
107.87
1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d10
5s1
Biological significance

➤ It is stored mainly in the following body structures: kidneys, liver, bone tissue and endocrine glands. The normal concentration of argentum in the human body is about 10⁻⁶%.

➤ It is characterized by antimicrobial action.

➤ Argentum is classified as an enzymatic poison. It takes an active part in stimulating the work of enzyme sites of microorganisms.

Excess in the body

➤ Causes argyria, which causes the accumulation of silver in the skin tissues and mucous membranes, leading to discoloration of the epithelial layer.

➤ Argentum also tends to accumulate in the kidneys.

Deficiency in the body

➤ Dysfunction of the endocrine glands, which perform the body's protective function, occurs.

➤ Negative impact on tissue regeneration processes.

Drugs/dose

➤ AgNO3 (Argentum nitrate, lapis) is an antiseptic that forms albuminates.

➤ Collargol (70-80%); protargol (7-8% solution) are colloidal silver solutions protected from coagulation by proteins; used in surgery, dermatology, etc.

➤ Silver amalgam alloy (Ag+Sm+Cu) - for the manufacture of metal fillings.

➤ AgCl is used in phosphate bactericidal cements in dentistry.

Conventional medicine

➤ Ag is one of the components of antiseptic agents.

➤ It is used in dermatology for cauterization of warts;

➤ Improvement of immune activity;

➤ It has the ability to exhibit a wide range of physicochemical properties depending on the concentration of silver (astringent, necrotizing, antiphlogistic, bactericidal effects).

➤ Bactericidal material containing argentum compounds, such as "silver gauze bandages" or cotton wool impregnated with AgNO3 solution, is used to treat skin lesions (burns, minor wounds and injuries).

Unconventional medicine

➤ In lithotherapy, it is used as a therapeutic and prophylactic drug.

➤ Argentum ions are used in the production of various cosmetics (creams, tonics, gels and lotions), which activates tissue regeneration and accelerates wound healing.

➤ Substances containing silver are used to make medical instruments (acupuncture needles).

Toxic effect/antidote

➤ Pure Argentum has no toxic effects.

➤ Aerosol therapy with powder (mixture with argentum) can lead to respiratory system diseases - fibrosis.

➤ Argyrhoea occurs due to the use of argentum in a colloidal state. Allergic reactions may occur.

➤ Antidote: gastric lavage with NaCl or KMnO4 solution.

➤ In cases of intoxication with high concentrations of Ag, hemodialysis is used.

Interesting facts

➤ The ancient use of Ag is for brazing and mirror making.

➤ Ag properties: high ductility (0.25 µm thick films); metallic lustre, high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.

➤ Ocean-going ships make "silver water" for decontamination; 10 g of Ag is enough to decontaminate 50 m3 of water.



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