➤ The main extracellular ion.

➤ It maintains fluid balance in the body and regulates the pH of the acid-base reserve, osmotic pressure, activity of the excretory system and enzyme functioning.

➤ Sodium regulates fluid and electrolyte balance and the formation of intracellular potential.

➤ Leads to hypernatremia, which causes edema due to swelling of proteins.

➤ Increased vasospasm, neurosis, fatigue, agitation and loss of consciousness, and the possibility of coma.

➤ Hyponatremia leads to migraines, mental confusion, weakness, regurgitation, irritation, crash, and sometimes coma.

➤ 0.9% NaCl solution - physiological (isotonic) - the simplest blood substitute (during blood loss);

➤ 4%, 10% NaCl solutions - hypertonic solution used for hypertonic dressings, in case of Ag salt poisoning.

➤ NaNO₃ (Sodium nitrite) - 200 mg/ml

➤ C₄H₇NaO₃ (Sodium oxybutyrate) - Cap. 100mg

➤ Na₂S₂O₃ (Hyposulfite) - 30% solution: antidote for Pb, Hg, Ag, HCN poisoning.

➤ Na₂SO₄ (Sodium sulfate) - 25-30 g - Glauber's salt: laxative, antidote for binding Ba⁺², Pb⁺².

➤ NaHCO3 (Sodium bicarbonate) - 0.3 and 0.5 g; 4% solution for injection: antacid.

➤ It is used to treat hyponatremia.

➤ 0.9% sodium chloride solution is used in case of blood loss.

➤ Soda as a cleansing fluid is used in case of intoxication and to reduce pulmonary hydropertrophy in case of massive blood loss.

➤ Promotes hypertension, hyperpertrophy and nephropathy.

➤ Antidote: Osmotic (mannitol, urea, etc.) and acid-forming diuretics.

➤ In 1959, Na vapors formed an artificial comet in space, whose bright glow indicated the trajectory of the first Earth-to-Moon spacecraft.

➤ Na - catalyst; reactions of butadiene polymerization - butadiene synthetic rubber; coolant in nuclear reactors.